Rule Of Bahamani's Study Material and MCQ Bits For Competitive Exams
1) In AD 1347, Allauddin Hasan Bahaman Shah (AD 1347 – 1358), established an independent Muslim kingdom. 2) The important rulers of Bahamanis: a) Allauddin Hasan Bahaman Shah (AD 1347 – 1358) b) Muhammad Shah Bahamani (AD 1358 – 1375) c) Mujahid Shah Bahamani (AD 1375 – 1378) d) Mohammad Shah II Bahamani (AD 1375 – 1397) e) Feroz Shah Bahamani (AD 1397 – 1422) f) Mohammad Shah vali Bahamani (AD 1422 – 1463) g) Allauddin Shah II Bahamani (AD 1436 – 1457) h) Nizam Shah Bahamani (AD 1461 – 1463) i) Mohammad Shah III Bahamani (AD 1463 – 1482) j) Mohammad Shah Bahamani (AD 1482 – 1518) 3) The chief sources to know the history of Bahamanis were Persian and Sanskrit works, Fatwat-ut-Salatin, of Isami, Adari’s ‘Bahaman Namah’, Gesudaraj’s Ishkanama, Hazairule Khuddus are the sources of their rule. 4) The writings of Niketan, Barbarossa, Domingo peas are the contemporary foreign accounts of Bahamanis rule. 5) Heritage sources of Bahamanis were Jami Masjid, and Gesudaraj Darga in Gulbarga, bidar fort and mosque, Rangin Mahal, Turkish Mahal at bidar and the entrances doors (Darwaza) 6) Iban Batuta’s ‘Rehalla’ gives the details about Bahamani rule. 7) Tariq-i-faristha of Faristha details about socio-religious and cultural of Bahamani Rule 8) Another chief source of Bahamani history is Tabtaba's work Burhan-i-Maisar 9) In South India, the Bahamani kingdom was the first Muslim rule in India. 10) Bahamanis ruled from AD 1347 – 1526. 11) The ‘Ravindiya’ sect people pressured the Khalifa to declare himself as God, but Khalifa opposed and declared himself as the divine ambassadors( Niyabutu-i-Khudavandi) not God 12) In the aspect of Khalifa, ‘Udbi’ wrote that emperor or the Khalifa is God’s shadow on earth(Sultan Zill Allah-Fil-Arj). 13) The sultanate rule was established in AD 1206 and the rulers like Mubarak Shah, Iltutmish, and Balban declared themselves as divine slaves, divine shadows and Manjur-i-Rabbani(blessed one) 14) The founder of the Bahamani kingdom was Allauddin Hassan Bahaman Shah, who ruled from capital(Gulbarga). 15) In Bahamani kingdom, for the sake of administrative convenience, the kingdom is divided into ‘Tarafs’, and these tarafs were under the control of Amirs. 16) Bahamanis created Jagirs system which was similar to the feudal system 17) Malik Saifuddin Ghori was the first prime minister of Bahamanis, under his administration kingdom extended from Gulbarga to Daulatabad in the west, in the south up to Raichur and Mudgal. 18) under the Malik Saifuddin Ghori period, Bheed and Paithan were under the control of Mohammad Khan, in the north Mahor, Ramgir and Berrar’s some areas were under the control of Sistani. Bidar, Kaulas and the Telangana districts were under the control of Azam Humayun. 19) Allauddin conducted all administrative units efficiently, as per the Burhan-i-Masir by Taba taba and are follows: a) Sahib-e-Arj --> Army Supervisor b) Khurbegi Mesarsh --> Left Wing commander c) Khurbegi Maimanath --> Right Wing Commander d) Dabir --> Secretary e) Diwan --> Finance Minister f) Sayyad–ul –Khasba -----> Looks after divine affairs g) Hajib-ul-Khasba -----> Commissioner of the City. Some Others were a) Vakil-us-Sultanate --> Prime Minister b) Amir-I-Jumla --> Finance Minister c) Vazir-i-Ahsraf --> Foreign affairs minister d) Nazir --> finance Secretary e) Kotwal --> Police Officer f) Vazir-I-Kul --> auditor g) Sadar Jahan --> Member of the Judiciary. 20) During the period of ‘Bahaman Shah,’ some administrative reforms were introduced some were jobs in Royal Palace a) Vakil-I-Daar --> chief Supervisor of the Royal Palace b) Barbuk --> Teacher of the court festivals c) Hajib --> Welcoming and introduction of the guests, readings of King’s messages in the court d) Sa-Jandaz --> Leader of the personal bodyguards of the Palace e) Sarfdadar --> Special bodyguard in the Royal Palace f) Khurbak --> Supervisor of Royal weaponry g) Shahnai-I-Barag --> Superintendent of Court h) Akurbak --> Supervisor of the Royal horses i) Shahna –i- Phil --> Supervisor of the Elephants j) Shahna-i-Khavan --> Supervisor of Royal Kitchen k) Sarabdar --> Supervisor of the Water supply l) Khertadar --> Additional officer of the troops m) Sar-Sawat-dar --> Additional officer of the Royal Stationary n) Chesnigir --> Officer who tastes the royal food. 21) Bahamani rulers had divided their kingdom into four regional states known as “Tarafs”. The officer of the Taraf is known as “Tarafdar”. The four tarafs of the Allauddin period are listed below: a) Ahasanbad -----> The Area of Right side Gulbarga to Dabhol, which included in the Tungabhadra and Krishna region. b) Daullatabad -----> Junnar and Paithan are included c) Berar -----> Mahir is covered d) Bidar -----> Kandar, Induru, Kaulas and another occupied area of Telangana. 22) The provinces or states are also known as “Atrafs”, and the ruler of these was Tarafdar. He maintains peace, law, and order in his area. Tarafdars were appointed personally by the sultan. 23) Sar-i-Lashkar maintains civil and military affairs 24) Daulatabad Tarafdar had the title of ‘Masdi Ali’, Berar Tarafdar had the title of ‘Majlis Ali, Telangana tarafdar had title of ‘Azam Humayun’, and Gulbarga Tarafdar had a title of ‘Vakil-us-Sultanate’. 25) The Tarafs of Bahamanis were subdivided into ‘Sarkars', which are like Modern districts, and the sarkars were subdivided into Paraganas(Tahasils), further, these Paraganas were divided into villages. 26) Forts were maintained by an officer called Thanedar 27) Mohammad Gavan belonged to the Gavan region, which is near the ‘Refta’ in northern Iran, he was the greatest prime minister among Bahamanis. 28) In AD 1466, Muhammad Shah III, on the request of his mother, Muqduma-i-Jahan, Muhammad Shah III appointed Gavan as the prime minister. 29) After Mohammad Gavan appointed as prime minister, many administrative changes took place. Yusuf Adil was appointed as ‘Sar Lashkar’ of Daulatabad, Malika Hassan as Sar Lashkar of Telangana, and Fatullah was appointed as Sar Lashkar of Berrar, Khasimbeg and Shah Quli were appointed as his personal servants. 30) Mohammad Gavan built one of the biggest Madaras in Bidar, to promote Education. 31) Mohammad Gavan was murdered in AD 1481 due to internal feuds and treachery, 29) Mohammad Gavan wrote two books ‘Riyajul Insha’ and ‘Manjirul Insha’. 30) The Bahamani military administration was of two types: a) The Central Military System b) The Regional military system 31) The head of the central military system was ‘Amir-Ul-Umra’, highest official next to Sultan. He can maintain a contingent of 1500 soldiers and after him, the officials had 1000 or 500 and 300 and 100 as contingent soldiers. 32) The central government army of Bahamanis at the period of Allauddin Hassan consisted of 50,000 horse riders, 25,000 infantry. 33) Tarafdar was also called as ‘Sar Lashkar; he is head of regional army contingent 34) The Bahamani army included Hindu and Muslim soldiers, The army was divided into many Lashkars, In every Lashkar, there were elephants and Guns 35) Faristha mentioned that Bahamani’s had used guns, and the place where guns are kept is known as ‘Atish Khanna’, and the head of this Athis Khanna was called as ‘Mir-i-Atish’. 36) According to the Faristha, Mahammad Sha used guns to defeated Vijayanagara king 37) Barbosa details about the wars of Muhammad Shah during AD 148/2 to 1518. He mentioned the strategies, the attacks, the army contingent and the weapons used in the wars 38) Head of the judiciary system was sultan 39) Bahamanis belonged to the sunni sect(Sunni Muslims) 40) During the period of Allauddin Ahamad Shah II, his secretary ( Sarmad-i-Kar-i-Mulki ), Mustahfa Khan Sayyad sent letters without taking prior permission of the Sultan. He was punished by beheading, and his dead body was exhibited on the main road. 41) Allauddin Ahmad Shah II, punished the grandson of Hazrat Sayyad Gesudaraj, for drinking alcohol. He was punished with 200 hunter beatings 42) Sadar-I-Sharia is the head of the judicial system next to the Sultan. He supervised judicial inquiry, punishment, and severity of the crimes 43) The provisional states were called as Tarafs. Iin the Tarafs, the head of Judiciary was Sadar. 44) In the cities Khaji was the Judge, and in the big cities Naib-Khaji were appointed along with Khaji. Naib-Khaji helped the Khaji in discharging of the duties. 45) Mufti were appointed to every court. He explains legal matters, and preserved the Judgements by writing them. 46) To every city and a fort had one Kotwal, he maintains the peace, law and order of that place 47) Mahatashibs were appointed to know whether people were following the Shariat or not. The Mahatasibs created awareness among the people to follow the religious customs of their own religions. 48) For soldiers problems, an advocates were appointed. He was called as ‘Khaji Asker’. 49) In the paragana, the judge was ‘Khaji, he was associated with Havaldar, and Majlis. Majlis solves only the civil cases 50) The head of the Paragana was Havaldar, he was also known as Maksadar. 51) After the Warangal conquests, Ahemad Shah established ‘Thanas’, the head of Thana was ‘Thanedar’. 52) Thanedar maintains law and order in his area. He was assisted by Kotwal. 53) In the villages Mukhaddam, Gotas conducts the administration,They solves village disputes, holding judicial enquires and punishing the criminals. 54) Bahamani sultans and their successors established a permanent police system, for the peace, maintenance of law and order. 55) Sarnaubatan were appointed to assist Kotwal's 56) After Delhi sultans, Muhammad Shah Bahamani's were appointed Siladar. 57) For the protection of the Royal palace, there are 5 Siladars and 1000 bodyguards were appointed. 58) Most trust worthy persons to the Sultan were appointed as ‘Sarnaubat’. 59) Kotwal was also assisted with some assistants called ‘Naib-Kotwal’ in big cities. 60) In Bahamani rule, upper class people were divided into two types or two classes. They are Dakhanis and Garibhus(new comers) 61) According to ‘Brihaspati Smriti’ wife should also die immediately after the death of her husband and this is called ‘Sati’, this system was followed by upper class people during Bahamani period 62) When Bahamani defeated the Reddy kings, queens of the defeated reddy’s took sati. These details are mentioned by Faristha in his writings. 63) Iban Batula, Nicole Conti and Barbosa mentioned that Sati was prohibited in the Deccan. Pregnant women, women carrying children and Sudra women were prohibited of taking Sati. 64) In Bahamani Period, dowry was compulsory, at the time of marriage. There was ‘Sthree Dhan’, Dowry was commonly observed in the upper class people 65) Excavations conducted at Navesa ( Ahemadnagar district of Maharastra ) indicates that royal palace walls are built with mud and foundation was laid with hard stones. 66) Nikethan, has mentioned that Hindus had different faiths, and they did not dine together. This reflects the caste system of that period. Hindu kings mostly belonged to Marathas or Reddy’s. 67) Feristha mentioned that child marriages were common in those days. ‘Jnaneshwari’ and ‘Leela Charitra’ supports the child marriages. 68) The book ‘Guru Charitra’ has praised greatly the Sati practice. 69) During the Bahamani period there were 3 types of classes on an Economic basis. They are: a)Upper-Class b) Middle Class c) Low Class. 70) In Bahamani period majority of the people depended on Agriculture for their living 71) Bidar, Gulbarga, Warangal, Raichur, Nanded, bhuvanagiri, Nirmal became famous for the cottage industries and they provided employment and benefits to Artisans. 72) In the Bahamanis period, irrigation was provided by artificial tanks and canals. 73) The crop land was divided into 3 types a) Metta ( Dry Land ) b) Magani ( Wet Land ) c) Gaddi ( Grass ) 74) Iron and Steel works were conducted at Paithan. Daulatabad, Gulbarga and Khidki regions were manufactured Silk Clothes which were available at cheap rate. Bidar was famous for manufacturing pots. Bidri works became popular in India but also in foreign countries. 75) Warangal became famous for Carpet making and Leather Industries. 76) Nalgonda, Bhuvanagiri, Adilabad became famous for manufacturing of very big beams. 77) In the Deccan, Copper mines were found at Chota Nagapur 78) Leather was exported to Arabia and Persia from the Thana port 79) Bijapur was very famous for textile industry, textile was exported to Persia. 80) Velvet, Scarlet, Satin, Scarlet, Damakas and woolen clothes were imported from Goa. 81) Bahamanis maintained commercial relations with Persia, Africa, Europe, and other western countries, and exports had taken place mainly from Goa, Dabhol, Mahim, Machilipatnam. 82) Gold, spices, China porcelain scent item, drugs, high quality horses, Pearls and slaves were imported from foreign countries. 83) According to Barbosa, Sugar was exported to Srilanka, Arabia and Persia in large quantity 84) Various taxes imposed on various items during Bahamani rule are: a) Horses --> One Dinar b) Cow and Buffalo --> One Phanam c) Goat --> Five Jital d) Camel --> ½ Jelool e) Elephant --> One Dinar Note: Import duty on silk and cotton textiles, for 100 rupees, 3 rupees and 8 Annas, on gold and silver ornaments, for 100 rupees, 7 rupees and 8 annas, and tax on salt also collected. No tax on Wood and grass. 85) Currency was made in Gulbarga and Bidar mints, some Bahamani coins were minted at Fetehbad. 86) Bahamani coins are made of gold, silver and copper. 87) Prior to the establishment of Bahamani rule, social reform movement was started in South India. Due to Bhakti movement, Saivism under the leadership of Tirgnana Sambandhar, Tirunavakkarasu, Sundara murthy, Manikavashar reached new heights. 88) Alvars inspired the Vaishnava philosophy. Andal, Kulashkar, Tirumangai, Nammalvar were the Vaisnava leaders. 89) Shankaracharya led the Bakthi movement. Shankaracharya, Nadamuni, Ramanuja, Nimbarka are the key persons in this movement. 90) The main objective of the Bakthi movement was to renaissance(revival) of Hinduism and weakening of Jainism and Buddhism. 91) Tulzapur, Kolhapur, Matapur and Saptashrungi were some of important Bhavani Places. 92) Sirpur near aloka was a Jaina worshipping place. Riddipur, near Buldana is famous for ‘Mahanubhavas’. 93) During Bahamani period Muslims were divided into 4 classes. They are a) Lords of army and civil officers b) Traders c) Slaves d) Poets, Scholars and religious heads. 94) In Bahamani period, Ulemas, Khajis, Amirs Muftis and Khatibus and Imams occupied important places in the administration. 95) Hajrat Gesudaraj was great sufi scholar in Deccan, he was born in the year of AD 1321 in Delhi and reached Gulbarga at the age of 90 years and preached the principles of Sufism. 96) Gesudaraj constructed one ‘KhanKa’ at Gulbarga for his disciples. 97) Gesudaraj preached Chisti order of sufism. Even today people of Deccan regions attends 'Urs' festivals of Gesudaraj. He died in the year of AD 1422. 98) In the Deccan, the Sufi orders like Christi, Suhravardhi, Sattari, and the Khadri worked in a big way. 99) Sheik Ainuddin Bijapur, Shirajuddin Junaidi was the important sufis during Allauddin Hassan Bahamani Shah’s period. 100) Shah Niyamatulla Khadri, settled in the deccan and preached and expanded the branch of Khadri, which attracted many people towards Sufism 101) In Bahamani period, students started their education with ‘Amarakosha’, ‘Roopavali’, ‘Samaschakra’, ‘Panchatantra’, and ‘Hitopadesha’. 102) Trivikram Bharati of Kumashi, was a great Vedic researcher of 14th century. 103) In Bahamani times, Calligraphy developed into a prominent art. 104) In Elichpur tBahamani's established the ‘Darul-Uloom (Educational School). This School collected 3000 Dinnars as yearly fees. 105) Jnanadev wrote ‘Jnaneshwari’, and he was a Maharastra ascetic. 106) Mahanubava sect was established by Chandradhar, who wrote in Marathi ‘Laila Charitra'. This work was divided into Ekanka. 107) The book ‘Smriti Sthal’ was written by Narendra and Parushurama. 108) Vishwantha wrote a book, Jnaan Probodh’ in 1331. ‘Guhyadri Varnana’ was written by Ravola Bhas in AD 1333. 109) “Raddipurva Varnana” was written by Narayanabas in 1331. 110) The two great works “Bheemopadesham” and “Ramasohalalu” were written by Meru Swamy. 111) Vamana Pandita wrote 'Yadhartha Deepika' 112) Madhavcharya compiled 'Jaiminiya Nyayamala Visthari' 113) Ramanujacharaya wrote Tantra Rahashya 114) Vidyaranya wrote Panchadashi, Jeevanmukti Viveka, Sarvadarshanna Samgraha 115) Dharmaraja dwari wrote “Vedata Parivbhasha". 116) Madhava Saraswati of Karnataka wrote “Sarvadarshana Kaumudi” 117) Sripati wrote “Srikarabhasahya”. 118) Madhavacharya preached “Dvaitha philosophy”, Shankaracharya preached Advaitha philosophy. 119) Jayateertha commented on ‘Nyayasudha’ 120) Keshava bhattu wrote “Taraka Deepika” 121) Varadaraju wrote “Vevahara Nirnaya” 122) Mahadeva wrote “Kamadhenu”. 123) Isami was the great writer during the period of Bahamanis. Isami wrote “Putawat Salaatin”. 124) Khaja Bande Nawaj Gesudaraj was a great scholar, teacher and poet of Sufism wrote “Anishul-Ushak”. This was compiled in Arabic and Persian languages. 125) Adhari, who known as Nooruddin Hanji wrote many books ‘Javahairul Asra’, ‘Meerathul Asral’, ‘Si-I-Safa’. 126) Adhari (Nooruddin Hanji) died without completing the writing of ‘Bahaman Nama’, therefore ‘Nazeeri’ and ‘Sami’ completed it. 127) Gesudaraj who was a great writer, wrote “Mahirikul Anwar”, “Khaddoos”, “Ishaka Nama”, “Asammarul Asrar” and “Khatima”. He wrote commentaries to “Avaripool Mariff” written by Sheik Shihbuddin Suhra, Taruf written by Sheik Abubaker Mohammad bin Bukhari and Adabul Mureedin written by Sheik Nazeebuddin Abdul Basheer Suhravardhi. 130) Faristha was born in 1552 in Astrabad, died in 1623 at Bijapur. 131) Faristha wrote “Gulshan-I- Ibrahimi(Tariq-i-faristha). 132) Mulla Mohammad Lari wrote Siraj - Tawarik 133) Mulla Dawood Bidri wrote Tahufatoon-Salatin 134)Mulla Adul Kareem Handani wrote Life of Mohammad Gavan 135) Bahamanis constructed many constructions, first at “Gulbarga". They build mosques and tombs 136) Muhammad shah constructed a great mosque at Gulbarga in AD 1367, under the supervision of Rafi-bin-Shams. It is 216 feet to 176 feet. 137) During the Feroz shah period a new town Firozabad, 12 mile away from Gulbarga was constructed. 138) In Bidar, the bidar fort, Royal Palace, 16 pillars Mosque, tombs, and Madarsas were constructed. 139) Among the tombs of Mohammad Shah Vali’s tomb is very big tomb. 140) The construction of the Bidar fort was done by Ahamad Shah Vali. 141) Feroz shah tombs were constructed in Hafta Gumbaz complex. 142) Bahamani rule started in AD 1347 and ended in AD 1518.Telangana Bits For Competitive Exams On Rule of Bahamani's
d) 1347
a) AD 1347 - 1358
d) AD 1397 - 1422
c) Both a and b
b) Bahamani
a) AD 1347 - 1526
a) Khalifa
a) Ravindiya
c) Divine Ambassadors
c) God's shadow on Earth
b) Allauddin Hassan Bahaman Shah
a) Gulbarga
b) Tarafs
a) Amirs
a) Vakil-i-Sultanate
c) Atrafs
b) Sarkars
b) Tahasils
a) AD 1466 - 1481
a) Mohammad Gavan
b) AD 1481
c) Both a and b
b) 50,000
a) Tarafdar
a) Guns
d) Sultan
c) Muslims
c) Both a and b
a) Brahmins
d) Valmiki
c) Both a and b
b) Sudras
d) Buffalo
a) Guru Charitra
b) Widow remarriages
a) Upper class
d) Agriculture
a) Agriculture
c) Both a and b
c) A type of head dress
a) Bidar
b) Carpet Making
d) All of the above
d) All of the above
c) Both a and b
b) Hinduism
d) All of the above
d) Both b and c
a) Fasting
c) Both a and b Bahamani Dynasty Rule History MCQ Questions for competitive exams
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