Automation testing is a software testing technique that automates the execution of test cases. This helps in reducing manual effort, increasing test coverage, and improving the overall efficiency of the testing process. If you are preparing for an automation testing interview, check out our guide for questions and answers for freshers. These questions provide a good foundation for understanding automation testing concepts and the tools that freshers will encounter in the field.
Automation Testing Interview Questions and answers for Freshers
1. What is automation testing?
2. What are the benefits of automation testing?
3. Name some commonly used automation testing tools.
4. Explain the difference between manual testing and automation testing.
5. What is a test script?
6. What is Selenium, and why is it widely used?
7. What are the components of Selenium?
8. What is Selenium WebDriver?
9. Explain the difference between findElement and findElements in Selenium.
10. What are locators in Selenium?
11.How do you handle a dropdown in Selenium?
12. What is an implicit wait in Selenium?
13. What is a test automation framework?
14. What is Page Object Model (POM) in Selenium?
15. What is the purpose of TestNG in automation testing?
16. Explain the difference between Data-Driven and Keyword-Driven frameworks.
17. How do you handle exceptions in Selenium?
18. What is XPath, and how is it used in Selenium?
19. How can you perform mouse hover in Selenium WebDriver?
20. Explain how you would handle file uploads in Selenium.
21. What is an Assertion in Selenium?
22. How would you handle dynamic elements in Selenium?
23. Explain parallel test execution.
24. How do you perform cross-browser testing in Selenium?
25. What is Jenkins, and how does it help in automation testing?
26. What is a headless browser, and why is it used?
27. What is Appium, and how is it used?
28.How do you verify tool compatibility with your application?
29. What is Continuous Testing in DevOps?
30. Explain the purpose of a test report.
31. What is BDD in automation testing?
32. Why is version control important in automation testing?
Basic Automation Testing Questions
1. What is automation testing?
Answer:
Automation testing is a software testing technique that uses specialized tools to execute tests automatically, manage test data, and analyze results. The main goal is to increase efficiency, coverage, and speed in the testing process.
2. What are the benefits of automation testing?
Answer:
Automation testing improves accuracy, saves time, supports reusability, enables faster feedback, increases coverage, and helps in identifying defects early in the development cycle.
3. Name some commonly used automation testing tools.
Answer:
Selenium, QTP (UFT), Appium, JUnit, TestNG, Cucumber, and Katalon Studio.
4. Explain the difference between manual testing and automation testing.
Answer:
Manual testing requires human intervention to execute test cases, while automation testing uses tools/scripts to perform tests without human involvement. Automation testing is faster, more accurate, and suitable for regression and repetitive tasks.
5. What is a test script?
Answer:
A test script is a set of coded instructions to validate a particular function or feature in an application. It includes steps, data, and expected outcomes to automate the testing process.
6. What is Selenium, and why is it widely used?
Answer:
Selenium is an open-source automation testing tool for web applications. It supports multiple browsers, programming languages, and operating systems, making it highly popular for cross-browser and cross-platform testing.
Selenium-based Questions
7. What are the components of Selenium?
Answer:
Selenium consists of Selenium IDE, Selenium WebDriver, Selenium Grid, and Selenium RC (Remote Control).
8. What is Selenium WebDriver?
Answer:
Selenium WebDriver is a browser automation framework that provides APIs to interact with web elements in various browsers. It’s more advanced than Selenium IDE and Selenium RC.
9. Explain the difference between findElement and findElements in Selenium.
Answer:
findElement locates a single web element and throws an exception if not found, while findElements returns a list of matching elements and returns an empty list if no elements are found.
10. What are locators in Selenium?
Answer:
Locators are identifiers used to find web elements in the application under test. Examples include ID, name, class name, XPath, CSS selector, link text, and partial link text.
11. How do you handle a dropdown in Selenium?
Answer:
You can handle dropdowns using the Select class in Selenium WebDriver, which provides methods like selectByVisibleText, selectByValue, and selectByIndex.
12. What is an implicit wait in Selenium?
Answer:
Implicit wait is a global wait that tells WebDriver to wait a specific amount of time before throwing a NoSuchElementException. It applies to all elements.
Framework and Design Questions
13. What is a test automation framework?
Answer:
A test automation framework is a set of guidelines and tools to create, manage, and execute test cases effectively. Examples include Data-Driven, Keyword-Driven, Hybrid, and Page Object Model (POM) frameworks.
14. What is Page Object Model (POM) in Selenium?
Answer:
POM is a design pattern that encourages creating a class for each webpage or component. Each class contains methods to interact with page elements, helping separate test scripts from UI structure.
15. What is the purpose of TestNG in automation testing?
Answer:
TestNG is a testing framework inspired by JUnit. It provides features like parallel execution, annotations, grouping, and reporting, making it useful for structuring and managing automated tests.
16.Explain the difference between Data-Driven and Keyword-Driven frameworks.
Answer:
Data-Driven frameworks use external data to drive tests, while Keyword-Driven frameworks use keywords to represent actions in test scripts, making them more readable and reusable.
Coding and Script Writing Questions
17. How do you handle exceptions in Selenium?
Answer:
Exceptions in Selenium can be handled using try-catch blocks. Some common exceptions include NoSuchElementException, TimeoutException, and ElementNotVisibleException.
18. What is XPath, and how is it used in Selenium?
Answer:
XPath is an XML path language used to locate elements in the DOM. In Selenium, XPath is used to locate web elements precisely, even when they lack unique identifiers.
19. How can you perform mouse hover in Selenium WebDriver?
Answer:
Mouse hover can be achieved using the Actions class with methods like moveToElement(element).perform().
20. Explain how you would handle file uploads in Selenium.
Answer:
File uploads can be managed by using the sendKeys method on an <input type='file'> element, where you provide the file path.
21. What is an Assertion in Selenium?
Answer:
Assertions are used to validate expected results in tests. In Selenium, assert, verify, and softAssert are commonly used for verification.
Advanced Questions for Freshers
22. How would you handle dynamic elements in Selenium?
Answer:
Dynamic elements can be handled by using XPath or CSS selectors that rely on attributes like contains, starts-with, or text. Explicit waits also help in dealing with dynamically loaded elements.
23. Explain parallel test execution.
Answer:
Parallel execution allows running multiple test scripts simultaneously to save time. TestNG supports this by configuring parallel in the XML file.
24. How do you perform cross-browser testing in Selenium?
Answer:
Cross-browser testing can be achieved by setting up desired capabilities or using a driver for each specific browser (ChromeDriver, FirefoxDriver, etc.).
25. What is Jenkins, and how does it help in automation testing?
Answer:
Jenkins is a continuous integration tool that helps automate test execution as part of the CI/CD pipeline. It can schedule tests, generate reports, and send notifications.
26. What is a headless browser, and why is it used?
Answer:
A headless browser operates without a graphical user interface. It’s used in automation to run tests faster and reduce resource usage, commonly with PhantomJS or headless Chrome.
27. What is Appium, and how is it used?
Answer:
Appium is an open-source tool for automating mobile applications (iOS, Android) using Selenium-like WebDriver. It’s used for testing native, web, and hybrid mobile applications.
28. How do you verify tool compatibility with your application?
Answer:
Check if the tool supports the application’s platform (e.g., web, mobile, desktop), languages, and browsers. Additionally, it should integrate well with existing systems.
Miscellaneous Questions
29. What is Continuous Testing in DevOps?
Answer:
Continuous testing is the practice of running automated tests as part of the software delivery pipeline to provide quick feedback on code quality.
30. Explain the purpose of a test report.
Answer:
A test report summarizes test results, highlighting passed/failed cases, defect details, and coverage metrics. It helps stakeholders make informed decisions on the release.
31. What is BDD in automation testing?
Answer:
Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) is a methodology where tests are written in a human-readable format (like Gherkin). Cucumber is a common BDD tool used to facilitate collaboration between technical and non-technical team members.
32. Why is version control important in automation testing?
Answer:
Version control helps manage and track changes to test scripts, enabling collaboration and maintaining historical records. Tools like Git or SVN are commonly used.
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