Homework Help: Questions and Answers: The basic idea of this structure is to achieve high reliability by dividing the operating system into small, well-defined modules.
a. Virtual machine
b. Microkernel
c. Monolithic
d. Exokernel
Answer:
First, let’s consider what the question is asking: Its about a structure that achieves high reliability by dividing the operating system into small, well-defined modules.
Now, let’s evaluate each option step by step to find correct answer (option).
Given Options: Step by Step Answering
a. Virtual Machine
- A virtual machine emulates a computer system and allows multiple operating systems to run on a single physical machine. While it involves modularization at the level of separating different environments, it doesn’t specifically refer to dividing the operating system itself into small modules.
b. Microkernel
- A microkernel architecture is designed to minimize the functionality that runs in the kernel mode. It only includes the most essential components like communication between hardware and software. Other services, such as device drivers and file systems, run in user space. This architecture divides the operating system into small, well-defined modules, making it highly reliable and easier to manage.
c. Monolithic
- A monolithic kernel architecture includes all the essential services of the operating system in one large block of code running in kernel space. This structure does not divide the operating system into small modules; rather, it integrates everything into a single program.
d. Exokernel
- This is a type of operating system architecture where the kernel provides minimal abstractions and allows applications to implement more complex functionalities themselves. It does not specifically focus on dividing the OS into small modules but rather on exposing hardware resources directly to applications.
Final Answer
Based on the above analysis, the correct answer is:
b. Microkernel
The microkernel architecture achieves high reliability by dividing the operating system into small, well-defined modules. It keeps only essential services in the kernel, while other OS services run as separate processes in user space, which aligns with the description in the question.
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